Reefer trailers, also known as refrigerated trailers, are vital for the transportation of temperature-sensitive goods. Proper handling of these loads ensures the quality and safety of the products. This article provides detailed information on handling various commodities, reefer settings, best practices, operational modes, and tips for efficient and effective transportation in reefer trailers.

1. Understanding Different Commodities:

Temperature-sensitive commodities broadly fall into three categories – frozen goods, chilled goods, and temperature-controlled non-food items.

– Frozen Goods: These include frozen foods like ice cream, frozen vegetables, and meat. These commodities generally require temperatures below 0 degrees Fahrenheit.

– Chilled Goods: Items like fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and pharmaceuticals fall into this category. They typically need to be kept at temperatures between 34 and 41 degrees Fahrenheit.

– Temperature-Controlled Non-Food Items: Certain non-food items like flowers, plants, and some chemicals also require temperature-controlled transportation.

2. Reefer Settings for Different Commodities:

The reefer trailer’s temperature setting is crucial in maintaining the quality of temperature-sensitive goods. Here are general guidelines for some common commodities:

– Frozen Food: -10 to 0 degrees Fahrenheit

– Chilled Food: 34 to 41 degrees Fahrenheit

– Pharmaceuticals: 35 to 46 degrees Fahrenheit

– Flowers: 32 to 35 degrees Fahrenheit

Always consult the specific product’s handling guide for the most accurate temperature setting.

3. Understanding Reefer Modes: Start/Stop vs. Continuous

– Start/Stop Mode: In this mode, the reefer unit operates until it reaches the set temperature, and then stops. When the temperature rises above the set limit, the unit restarts. This mode is energy-efficient and suitable for products like frozen goods that can handle minor temperature fluctuations.

– Continuous Mode: Here, the reefer unit runs continuously, regardless of the internal temperature. This mode ensures a more consistent temperature and is suitable for highly sensitive products like fresh produce, flowers, and certain pharmaceuticals that require a constant temperature.

4. Best Practices and Policies:

– Pre-Trip Inspection: Always inspect the reefer trailer before loading. Check the unit’s operation, cleanliness, and odor. Ensure that the temperature is set correctly for the load.

– Load and Unload Quickly: Minimize the time that doors are open during loading and unloading to prevent warm air from entering.

– Maintain Airflow: Load products properly to maintain airflow around the cargo. Avoid blocking the unit’s airflow chute.

– Regular Monitoring: Use telematics to monitor temperature and location in real-time. Promptly address any temperature deviations.

– Document Temperatures: Keep a record of temperature settings and actual temperatures during transport. This documentation can be crucial in case of a dispute.

5. Tips and Tricks:

– Understand the Product: Know the specific temperature requirements of the products you’re transporting. Some products may have unique needs, like dual temperature zones.

– Pre-Cool the Trailer: Before loading, pre-cool the trailer to the desired temperature. This will help maintain temperature stability from the start.

– Use Bulkheads: If you’re carrying mixed loads that require different temperatures, use insulated bulkheads to create different temperature zones in the trailer.

6. The Importance of Defrosting: Auto vs. Manual Defrost

• Auto Defrost: Modern reefer units automatically enter defrost mode at regular intervals to prevent the buildup of ice, which could impede airflow and cooling.
• Manual Defrost: Sometimes, particularly in humid conditions or with certain types of cargo, auto defrost may not be sufficient. In these cases, manually initiating a defrost cycle can be beneficial. Keep in mind that defrosting raises the internal temperature temporarily, so it’s essential to time manual defrosts strategically to prevent affecting the cargo’s temperature.

Conclusion:

Handling temperature-controlled loads in reefer trailers requires an understanding of the commodities, accurate setting of temperatures, knowledge of operational modes, and adherence to best practices. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you can ensure that your temperature-sensitive cargo arrives at its destination in optimal condition.